Scarlet Fever

OVERVIEW

Scarlet fever refers to a bacterial illness that develops in patients following a prior infection. It is characterized by a red rash that can be generalized.

Source
Source
WHAT CAUSES IT?

Strains of Group A streptococcus that produce erythrogenic exotoxins. Scarlet fever can follow a streptococcal pharyngitis, wound infections, or streptococcal skin infections.

WHAT MAKES US SUSPECT IT?

Initial Presentation

  • Generalized rash

Physical Exam:

HEENT Exam:

  • Pharynx is typical erythematous/swollen/covered with gray-white exudates.
  • Area of mouth is pale

Dermatological exam:

  • Rash is punctate/finely papular texture (sandpaper-like description).
  • Desquamation can occur later on.
CLINICAL WORKUP

 

HOW DO WE TREAT IT

Penicillin V is the preferred treatment method.

For those allergic to penicillin: erythromycin, clindamycin, and first generation cephalosporins.

ARCHIVE OF STANDARDIZED EXAM QUESTIONS 

This archive compiles standardized exam questions that relate to this topic.

 

Page Updated: 11.21.2016