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WHAT IS IT?
Zolpidem (Ambient) is a GABA-A-receptor agonist. It is structurally unrelated to benzodiazepines, however it bind the same portion of the GABA-A receptor as they do, and enhances the inhibitory action of GABA on the CNS.
![Zolpidem binds the same area of the GABA-A receptor as benzodiazepine medications (source)](http://www.stepwards.com/wp-content/uploads/2016/08/sedatives-hypnotics-6-638.jpg)
Important properties of Zolpidem include:
- Less potential for tolerance addiction compared to benzodiazepines.
- No anticonvulsant properties in regular doses
- No muscle relaxing affects
WHEN DO WE USE IT?
Insomnia: this medication is used for the short-term treatment of insomnia.
WHEN DO WE AVOID USING IT?
To prevent seizures: this medication does not have anticonvulsant properties in regular doses.
HOW IS IT ADMINISTERED?
Administered orally: tablets, extended released tablets, oral solution, dose spray pump, sublingually.
![Source](http://www.stepwards.com/wp-content/uploads/2016/08/Zolpidem-30-10mg.jpg)
WHAT ARE THE SIDE EFFECTS/TOXICITY?
Next day morning impairment possible: ataxia, headaches, confusion.
Dissociative state disorders: sleep walking, binge eating, sleep driving
ANYTHING ELSE TO KEEP IN MIND?
Effects reversed by Flumazenil: while this medication is not a benzodiazepine, given its binding site, this benzodiazepine antagonist will help reverse the activity of Zolpidem.
Rapid onset of action: this medication begins to work ~15 minutes after administration.
Short duration: this medication does not last too long in the body as it is quickly metabolized by liver P450 microsomal oxidases (half life ~3 hours).
FURTHER READING
Page Updated: 08.13.2016